Understanding Creatinine Clearance
Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is a measure of how well the kidneys filter creatinine from the blood. It serves as an estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and is widely used for adjusting medication doses in patients with impaired kidney function.
The Cockcroft-Gault Equation
This calculator uses the Cockcroft-Gault equation, published in 1976:
CrCl (mL/min) = [(140 - age) x weight (kg)] / [72 x serum creatinine (mg/dL)]
For females: Multiply result by 0.85
The equation accounts for the fact that creatinine production decreases with age and is lower in females due to less muscle mass.
CKD Stages Based on GFR
| Stage | GFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 90 or higher | Normal kidney function |
| 2 | 60-89 | Mildly decreased |
| 3a | 45-59 | Mild to moderate decrease |
| 3b | 30-44 | Moderate to severe decrease |
| 4 | 15-29 | Severely decreased |
| 5 | Less than 15 | Kidney failure |
Clinical Applications
Drug Dosing
Many medications are primarily eliminated by the kidneys and require dose adjustments in renal impairment. Examples include:
- Antibiotics (aminoglycosides, vancomycin, fluoroquinolones)
- Anticoagulants (enoxaparin, dabigatran)
- Diabetes medications (metformin, gliclazide)
- Cardiac medications (digoxin, ACE inhibitors)
- Pain medications (gabapentin, pregabalin)
Contrast Administration
CrCl is assessed before administering iodinated contrast media to evaluate the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy.
Limitations
- Less accurate in extremes of body weight (obese or malnourished)
- Not validated in acute kidney injury
- May overestimate GFR in elderly patients
- Affected by muscle mass variations
- Some medications interfere with creatinine measurement
Weight Considerations
In obese patients, some clinicians recommend using:
- Actual body weight for drug dosing (most common)
- Ideal body weight to avoid overestimation
- Adjusted body weight as a compromise
Medical Disclaimer
This calculator is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It should not be used as a substitute for clinical judgment or professional medical advice. Drug dosing decisions should be made by qualified healthcare professionals considering the complete clinical picture. The Cockcroft-Gault equation has limitations and may not be appropriate for all patients.